The Salmon River Canyon is one of the deepest gorges in North America, deeper even than the famous Grand Canyon. But in contrast to the Grand, the Salmon River Canyon is noted for wooded ridges rising to the sky, huge eroded monuments, bluffs and slides, picturesque towers, and solitary crags.
The Salmon has been inhabited over the eons by wandering nomads and wayward hermits. The presence of Native Americans dates back 8,000-11,000 years. The Shoshone and Nez Percé (named for their traditional pierced noses) are descendants of these early peoples. They considered the Salmon River country sacred, as it provided all the sustenance needed to survive, thanks to the abundance of salmon, trout and game.
For more than 150 years after the first white men came to the area, only one-way trips down the Salmon River were possible. Pioneers built massive “sweep” boats to carry trade downstream. Once they reached their destination, the boats were disassembled and sold for lumber. Hence the nickname, “River of No Return”. Except for modern jet boats, this stretch is still a one-way river journey.
In addition to its awesome rapids, the River of No Return has a long history of big personalities, characters and tall tales. There are several pioneer historical and Native American sites to visit along the river corridor.
The Frank Church—River of No Return Wilderness Area was created in 1980 by the United States Congress, and renamed in 1984 to honor Senator Frank Church who brought about this legislation. It is the largest wilderness area in the lower 48.
The Salmon River was designated a Scenic River and Recreational River within the National Wild & Scenic Rivers System in 1981. This status awards protection to special rivers to ensure their free-flowing condition and maintain their water quality. It also recognizes the historic and prehistoric heritage of the area as a valuable Wilderness component.
The canyon is home to abundant wildlife including bear, big horn sheep, river otter, deer, bald eagles, and osprey to name a few.